dog vs catch

dog and catch both are nouns.

Word	Noun	Adjective	Verb	Adverb
dog	Yes	No	Yes	No
catch	Yes	No	Yes	No

As nouns, catch is a hypernym of dog; that is, catch is a word with a broader meaning than dog:

dog: a hinged catch that fits into a notch of a ratchet to move a wheel forward or prevent it from moving backward
catch: a restraint that checks the motion of something

Other hypernyms of dog include stop.

dog (noun)	catch (noun)
a member of the genus Canis (probably descended from the common wolf) that has been domesticated by man since prehistoric times; occurs in many breeds	the act of catching an object with the hands
a hinged catch that fits into a notch of a ratchet to move a wheel forward or prevent it from moving backward	the act of apprehending (especially apprehending a criminal)
metal supports for logs in a fireplace	a cooperative game in which a ball is passed back and forth
a smooth-textured sausage of minced beef or pork usually smoked; often served on a bread roll	a fastener that fastens or locks a door or window
informal term for a man	a restraint that checks the motion of something
a dull unattractive unpleasant girl or woman	a drawback or difficulty that is not readily evident
someone who is morally reprehensible	a break or check in the voice (usually a sign of strong emotion)
	anything that is caught (especially if it is worth catching)
	a person regarded as a good matrimonial prospect
	the quantity that was caught

dog (verb)	catch (verb)
go after with the intent to catch	come down with
	be struck or affected by
	delay or hold up; prevent from proceeding on schedule or as planned
	detect a blunder or misstep
	discover or come upon accidentally, suddenly, or unexpectedly; catch somebody doing something or in a certain state
	grasp with the mind or develop an understanding of
	become aware of
	be the catcher
	catch up with and possibly overtake
	take hold of so as to seize or restrain or stop the motion of
	succeed in catching or seizing, especially after a chase
	capture as if by hunting, snaring, or trapping
	to hook or entangle
	attract and fix
	cause to become accidentally or suddenly caught, ensnared, or entangled
	spread or be communicated
	take in and retain
	reach with a blow or hit in a particular spot
	apprehend and reproduce accurately
	attract; cause to be enamored
	reach in time
	hear, usually without the knowledge of the speakers
	perceive with the senses quickly, suddenly, or momentarily
	see or watch
	suffer from the receipt of
	perceive by hearing
	get or regain something necessary, usually quickly or briefly
	check oneself during an action
	start burning