mother's daughter vs girl

mother's daughter and girl both are nouns.

Word	Noun	Adjective	Verb	Adverb
mother's daughter	Yes	No	No	No
girl	Yes	No	No	No

As nouns, girl is a hypernym of mother's daughter; that is, girl is a word with a broader meaning than mother's daughter:

Other hypernyms of mother's daughter include daughter.

mother's daughter (noun)	girl (noun)
a daughter who is favored by and similar to her mother	a young female
	a girl or young woman with whom a man is romantically involved
	a youthful female person
	a friendly informal reference to a grown woman
	a female human offspring