Carduelis carduelis vs finch

Carduelis carduelis and finch both are nouns.

Word	Noun	Adjective	Verb	Adverb
Carduelis carduelis	Yes	No	No	No
finch	Yes	No	No	No

As nouns, finch is a hypernym of Carduelis carduelis; that is, finch is a word with a broader meaning than Carduelis carduelis:

Carduelis carduelis: small European finch having a crimson face and yellow-and-black wings
finch: any of numerous small songbirds with short stout bills adapted for crushing seeds

Carduelis carduelis (noun)	finch (noun)
small European finch having a crimson face and yellow-and-black wings	any of numerous small songbirds with short stout bills adapted for crushing seeds