Clupea sprattus vs sprat

Clupea sprattus and sprat both are nouns.

Word	Noun	Adjective	Verb	Adverb
Clupea sprattus	Yes	No	No	No
sprat	Yes	No	No	No

As nouns, Clupea sprattus and sprat are synonyms defined as:

Other synonyms of Clupea sprattus include brisling.

Clupea sprattus (noun)	sprat (noun)
small herring processed like a sardine	small herring processed like a sardine
	small fatty European fish; usually smoked or canned like sardines