Equus caballus vs equine

Equus caballus and equine both are nouns.

Word	Noun	Adjective	Verb	Adverb
Equus caballus	Yes	No	No	No
equine	Yes	Yes	No	No

As nouns, equine is a hypernym of Equus caballus; that is, equine is a word with a broader meaning than Equus caballus:

Equus caballus: solid-hoofed herbivorous quadruped domesticated since prehistoric times
equine: hoofed mammals having slender legs and a flat coat with a narrow mane along the back of the neck

Other hypernyms of Equus caballus include equid.

Equus caballus (noun)	equine (noun)
solid-hoofed herbivorous quadruped domesticated since prehistoric times	hoofed mammals having slender legs and a flat coat with a narrow mane along the back of the neck

Equus caballus (adjective)	equine (adjective)
	resembling a horse
	of or belonging to the family Equidae