European larch vs larch tree

European larch and larch tree both are nouns.

Word	Noun	Adjective	Verb	Adverb
European larch	Yes	No	No	No
larch tree	Yes	No	No	No

As nouns, larch tree is a hypernym of European larch; that is, larch tree is a word with a broader meaning than European larch:

European larch: tall European tree having a slender conic crown, flat needlelike leaves, and hairy cone scales
larch tree: any of numerous conifers of the genus Larix all having deciduous needlelike leaves

Other hypernyms of European larch include larch.

European larch (noun)	larch tree (noun)
tall European tree having a slender conic crown, flat needlelike leaves, and hairy cone scales	any of numerous conifers of the genus Larix all having deciduous needlelike leaves