Jerusalem artichoke vs tuber

Jerusalem artichoke and tuber both are nouns.

Word	Noun	Adjective	Verb	Adverb
Jerusalem artichoke	Yes	No	No	No
tuber	Yes	No	No	No

As nouns, tuber is a hypernym of Jerusalem artichoke; that is, tuber is a word with a broader meaning than Jerusalem artichoke:

Jerusalem artichoke: edible tuber of the Jerusalem artichoke
tuber: a fleshy underground stem or root serving for reproductive and food storage

Jerusalem artichoke (noun)	tuber (noun)
sunflower tuber eaten raw or boiled or sliced thin and fried as Saratoga chips	a fleshy underground stem or root serving for reproductive and food storage
tall perennial with hairy stems and leaves; widely cultivated for its large irregular edible tubers
edible tuber of the Jerusalem artichoke