London plane vs plane tree

London plane and plane tree both are nouns.

Word	Noun	Adjective	Verb	Adverb
London plane	Yes	No	No	No
plane tree	Yes	No	No	No

As nouns, plane tree is a hypernym of London plane; that is, plane tree is a word with a broader meaning than London plane:

London plane: very large fast-growing tree much planted as a street tree
plane tree: any of several trees of the genus Platanus having thin pale bark that scales off in small plates and lobed leaves and ball-shaped heads of fruits

Other hypernyms of London plane include platan, sycamore.

London plane (noun)	plane tree (noun)
very large fast-growing tree much planted as a street tree	any of several trees of the genus Platanus having thin pale bark that scales off in small plates and lobed leaves and ball-shaped heads of fruits