Prunus cerasus vs cherry tree

Prunus cerasus and cherry tree both are nouns.

Word	Noun	Adjective	Verb	Adverb
Prunus cerasus	Yes	No	No	No
cherry tree	Yes	No	No	No

As nouns, cherry tree is a hypernym of Prunus cerasus; that is, cherry tree is a word with a broader meaning than Prunus cerasus:

Prunus cerasus: rather small Eurasian tree producing red to black acid edible fruit
cherry tree: any of numerous trees and shrubs producing a small fleshy round fruit with a single hard stone; many also produce a valuable hardwood

Other hypernyms of Prunus cerasus include cherry.

Prunus cerasus (noun)	cherry tree (noun)
rather small Eurasian tree producing red to black acid edible fruit	any of numerous trees and shrubs producing a small fleshy round fruit with a single hard stone; many also produce a valuable hardwood