Tringa totanus vs sandpiper

Tringa totanus and sandpiper both are nouns.

Word	Noun	Adjective	Verb	Adverb
Tringa totanus	Yes	No	No	No
sandpiper	Yes	No	No	No

As nouns, sandpiper is a hypernym of Tringa totanus; that is, sandpiper is a word with a broader meaning than Tringa totanus:

Tringa totanus: a common Old World wading bird with long red legs
sandpiper: any of numerous usually small wading birds having a slender bill and piping call; closely related to the plovers

Tringa totanus (noun)	sandpiper (noun)
a common Old World wading bird with long red legs	any of numerous usually small wading birds having a slender bill and piping call; closely related to the plovers