adoption vs approving

adoption and approving both are nouns.

Word	Noun	Adjective	Verb	Adverb
adoption	Yes	No	No	No
approving	Yes	Yes	No	No

As nouns, approving is a hypernym of adoption; that is, approving is a word with a broader meaning than adoption:

Other hypernyms of adoption include approval, blessing.

adoption (noun)	approving (noun)
the act of accepting with approval; favorable reception	the formal act of approving
the appropriation (of ideas or words etc) from another source
a legal proceeding that creates a parent-child relation between persons not related by blood; the adopted child is entitled to all privileges belonging to a natural child of the adoptive parents (including the right to inherit)

adoption (adjective)	approving (adjective)
	expressing or manifesting praise or approval