adult female vs woman

adult female and woman both are nouns.

Word	Noun	Adjective	Verb	Adverb
adult female	Yes	No	No	No
woman	Yes	No	No	No

As nouns, adult female and woman are synonyms defined as:

adult female (noun)	woman (noun)
an adult female person (as opposed to a man)	women as a class
	an adult female person (as opposed to a man)
	a female person who plays a significant role (wife or mistress or girlfriend) in the life of a particular man