aesthete vs cognoscente

aesthete and cognoscente both are nouns.

Word	Noun	Adjective	Verb	Adverb
aesthete	Yes	No	No	No
cognoscente	Yes	No	No	No

As nouns, cognoscente is a hypernym of aesthete; that is, cognoscente is a word with a broader meaning than aesthete:

aesthete: one who professes great sensitivity to the beauty of art and nature
cognoscente: an expert able to appreciate a field; especially in the fine arts

Other hypernyms of aesthete include connoisseur.

aesthete (noun)	cognoscente (noun)
one who professes great sensitivity to the beauty of art and nature	an expert able to appreciate a field; especially in the fine arts