age vs time period

age and time period both are nouns.

Word	Noun	Adjective	Verb	Adverb
age	Yes	No	Yes	No
time period	Yes	No	No	No

As nouns, time period is a hypernym of age; that is, time period is a word with a broader meaning than age:

Other hypernyms of age include period, period of time.

age (noun)	time period (noun)
how long something has existed	an amount of time
a time of life (usually defined in years) at which some particular qualification or power arises
a late time of life
an era of history having some distinctive feature
a prolonged period of time