autosome vs chromosome

autosome and chromosome both are nouns.

Word	Noun	Adjective	Verb	Adverb
autosome	Yes	No	No	No
chromosome	Yes	No	No	No

As nouns, chromosome is a hypernym of autosome; that is, chromosome is a word with a broader meaning than autosome:

autosome: any chromosome that is not a sex chromosome; appear in pairs in body cells but as single chromosomes in spermatozoa
chromosome: a threadlike strand of DNA in the cell nucleus that carries the genes in a linear order

autosome (noun)	chromosome (noun)
any chromosome that is not a sex chromosome; appear in pairs in body cells but as single chromosomes in spermatozoa	a threadlike strand of DNA in the cell nucleus that carries the genes in a linear order