ball and chain vs hamper

ball and chain and hamper both are nouns.

Word	Noun	Adjective	Verb	Adverb
ball and chain	Yes	No	No	No
hamper	Yes	No	Yes	No

As nouns, hamper is a hypernym of ball and chain; that is, hamper is a word with a broader meaning than ball and chain:

ball and chain: heavy iron ball attached to a prisoner by a chain
hamper: a restraint that confines or restricts freedom (especially something used to tie down or restrain a prisoner)

Other hypernyms of ball and chain include bond, shackle, trammel.

ball and chain (noun)	hamper (noun)
heavy iron ball attached to a prisoner by a chain	a basket usually with a cover
	a restraint that confines or restricts freedom (especially something used to tie down or restrain a prisoner)

ball and chain (verb)	hamper (verb)
	prevent the progress or free movement of
	put at a disadvantage