bride-to-be vs woman

bride-to-be and woman both are nouns.

Word	Noun	Adjective	Verb	Adverb
bride-to-be	Yes	No	No	No
woman	Yes	No	No	No

As nouns, woman is a hypernym of bride-to-be; that is, woman is a word with a broader meaning than bride-to-be:

Other hypernyms of bride-to-be include betrothed, adult female.

bride-to-be (noun)	woman (noun)
a woman who is engaged to be married	women as a class
	an adult female person (as opposed to a man)
	a female person who plays a significant role (wife or mistress or girlfriend) in the life of a particular man