burn vs cauterize

burn is a noun but cauterize is not a noun.

Word	Noun	Adjective	Verb	Adverb
burn	Yes	No	Yes	No
cauterize	No	No	Yes	No

As verbs, cauterize is a hyponym of burn; that is, cauterize is a word with a more specific, narrower meaning than burn:

burn: damage by burning with heat, fire, or radiation
cauterize: burn, sear, or freeze (tissue) using a hot iron or electric current or a caustic agent

Other hyponyms of burn include scald, burn, cauterise, blacken, char, scorch, sear.

As verbs, burn and cauterize are synonyms defined as:

burn and cauterize: burn, sear, or freeze (tissue) using a hot iron or electric current or a caustic agent

Other synonyms of burn include cauterise.

burn (noun)	cauterize (noun)
damage inflicted by fire
a place or area that has been burned (especially on a person's body)
pain that feels hot as if it were on fire
an injury caused by exposure to heat or chemicals or radiation

burn (verb)	cauterize (verb)
get a sunburn by overexposure to the sun	burn, sear, or freeze (tissue) using a hot iron or electric current or a caustic agent
undergo combustion	make insensitive or callous; deaden feelings or morals
cause to undergo combustion
destroy by fire
damage by burning with heat, fire, or radiation
burn, sear, or freeze (tissue) using a hot iron or electric current or a caustic agent
use up (energy)
create by duplicating data
feel strong emotion, especially anger or passion
cause a sharp or stinging pain or discomfort
feel hot or painful
spend (significant amounts of money)
execute by tying to a stake and setting alight
shine intensely, as if with heat
cause to burn or combust