cardoon vs Cynara cardunculus

cardoon and Cynara cardunculus both are nouns.

Word	Noun	Adjective	Verb	Adverb
cardoon	Yes	No	No	No
Cynara cardunculus	Yes	No	No	No

As nouns, cardoon and Cynara cardunculus are synonyms defined as:

cardoon and Cynara cardunculus: southern European plant having spiny leaves and purple flowers cultivated for its edible leafstalks and roots

cardoon (noun)	Cynara cardunculus (noun)
only parts eaten are roots and especially stalks (blanched and used as celery); related to artichokes	southern European plant having spiny leaves and purple flowers cultivated for its edible leafstalks and roots
southern European plant having spiny leaves and purple flowers cultivated for its edible leafstalks and roots