cast away vs abandon

cast away is not a noun while abandon is a noun.

Word	Noun	Adjective	Verb	Adverb
cast away	No	No	Yes	No
abandon	Yes	No	Yes	No

As verbs, abandon is a hyponym of cast away; that is, abandon is a word with a more specific, narrower meaning than cast away:

cast away (noun)	abandon (noun)
	the trait of lacking restraint or control; reckless freedom from inhibition or worry
	a feeling of extreme emotional intensity

cast away (verb)	abandon (verb)
throw or cast away	leave someone who needs or counts on you; leave in the lurch
	stop maintaining or insisting on; of ideas or claims
	leave behind empty; move out of
	forsake, leave behind
	give up with the intent of never claiming again