cattle vs Bos taurus

cattle and Bos taurus both are nouns.

Word	Noun	Adjective	Verb	Adverb
cattle	Yes	No	No	No
Bos taurus	Yes	No	No	No

As nouns, cattle and Bos taurus are synonyms defined as:

cattle and Bos taurus: domesticated bovine animals as a group regardless of sex or age

Other synonyms of cattle include cows, kine, oxen.

cattle (noun)	Bos taurus (noun)
domesticated bovine animals as a group regardless of sex or age	domesticated bovine animals as a group regardless of sex or age