chaplain vs man of the cloth

chaplain and man of the cloth both are nouns.

Word	Noun	Adjective	Verb	Adverb
chaplain	Yes	No	No	No
man of the cloth	Yes	No	No	No

As nouns, man of the cloth is a hypernym of chaplain; that is, man of the cloth is a word with a broader meaning than chaplain:

chaplain: a clergyman ministering to some institution
man of the cloth: a member of the clergy and a spiritual leader of the Christian Church

Other hypernyms of chaplain include clergyman, reverend.

chaplain (noun)	man of the cloth (noun)
a clergyman ministering to some institution	a member of the clergy and a spiritual leader of the Christian Church