chard plant vs Beta vulgaris

chard plant and Beta vulgaris both are nouns.

Word	Noun	Adjective	Verb	Adverb
chard plant	Yes	No	No	No
Beta vulgaris	Yes	No	No	No

As nouns, Beta vulgaris is a hypernym of chard plant; that is, Beta vulgaris is a word with a broader meaning than chard plant:

chard plant: beet lacking swollen root; grown as a vegetable for its edible leaves and stalks
Beta vulgaris: biennial Eurasian plant usually having a swollen edible root; widely cultivated as a food crop

Other hypernyms of chard plant include beet, common beet.

chard plant (noun)	Beta vulgaris (noun)
beet lacking swollen root; grown as a vegetable for its edible leaves and stalks	biennial Eurasian plant usually having a swollen edible root; widely cultivated as a food crop