child neglect vs ill-treatment

child neglect and ill-treatment both are nouns.

Word	Noun	Adjective	Verb	Adverb
child neglect	Yes	No	No	No
ill-treatment	Yes	No	No	No

As nouns, ill-treatment is a hypernym of child neglect; that is, ill-treatment is a word with a broader meaning than child neglect:

child neglect: failure of caretakers to provide adequate emotional and physical care for a child
ill-treatment: cruel or inhumane treatment

Other hypernyms of child neglect include abuse, ill-usage, maltreatment.

child neglect (noun)	ill-treatment (noun)
failure of caretakers to provide adequate emotional and physical care for a child	cruel or inhumane treatment