cold weather vs conditions

cold weather and conditions both are nouns.

Word	Noun	Adjective	Verb	Adverb
cold weather	Yes	No	No	No
conditions	Yes	No	No	No

As nouns, conditions is a hypernym of cold weather; that is, conditions is a word with a broader meaning than cold weather:

cold weather: a period of unusually cold weather
conditions: the atmospheric conditions that comprise the state of the atmosphere in terms of temperature and wind and clouds and precipitation

Other hypernyms of cold weather include atmospheric condition, weather, weather condition.

cold weather (noun)	conditions (noun)
a period of unusually cold weather	the atmospheric conditions that comprise the state of the atmosphere in terms of temperature and wind and clouds and precipitation
	the set of circumstances that affect someone's welfare
	the prevailing context that influences the performance or the outcome of a process