colour vs pigment

colour and pigment both are nouns.

Word	Noun	Adjective	Verb	Adverb
colour	Yes	Yes	Yes	No
pigment	Yes	No	Yes	No

As nouns, pigment is a hyponym of colour; that is, pigment is a word with a more specific, narrower meaning than colour:

colour: any material used for its color
pigment: a substance used as a coating to protect or decorate a surface (especially a mixture of pigment suspended in a liquid); dries to form a hard coating

As verbs, pigment is a hyponym of colour; that is, pigment is a word with a more specific, narrower meaning than colour:

colour (noun)	pigment (noun)
a visual attribute of things that results from the light they emit or transmit or reflect	a substance used as a coating to protect or decorate a surface (especially a mixture of pigment suspended in a liquid); dries to form a hard coating
the appearance of objects (or light sources) described in terms of a person's perception of their hue and lightness (or brightness) and saturation	dry coloring material (especially a powder to be mixed with a liquid to produce paint, etc.)
the timbre of a musical sound	any substance whose presence in plant or animal tissues produces a characteristic color
interest and variety and intensity
an outward or token appearance or form that is deliberately misleading
(physics) the characteristic of quarks that determines their role in the strong interaction
any material used for its color

colour (adjective)	pigment (adjective)
having or capable of producing colors

colour (verb)	pigment (verb)
change color, often in an undesired manner	color or dye with a pigment
add color to	acquire pigment; become colored or imbued
affect as in thought or feeling
give a deceptive explanation or excuse for
decorate with colors
modify or bias