common viper vs Vipera berus

common viper and Vipera berus both are nouns.

Word	Noun	Adjective	Verb	Adverb
common viper	Yes	No	No	No
Vipera berus	Yes	No	No	No

As nouns, common viper and Vipera berus are synonyms defined as:

common viper and Vipera berus: small terrestrial viper common in northern Eurasia

Other synonyms of common viper include adder.

common viper (noun)	Vipera berus (noun)
small terrestrial viper common in northern Eurasia	small terrestrial viper common in northern Eurasia