debate vs dispute

debate and dispute both are nouns.

Word	Noun	Adjective	Verb	Adverb
debate	Yes	No	Yes	No
dispute	Yes	No	Yes	No

As verbs, dispute is a hyponym of debate; that is, dispute is a word with a more specific, narrower meaning than debate:

debate (noun)	dispute (noun)
the formal presentation of a stated proposition and the opposition to it (usually followed by a vote)	coming into conflict with
a discussion in which reasons are advanced for and against some proposition or proposal	a disagreement or argument about something important

debate (verb)	dispute (verb)
argue with one another	take exception to
discuss the pros and cons of an issue	have a disagreement over something
have an argument about something
think about carefully; weigh