deformation vs impairment

deformation and impairment both are nouns.

Word	Noun	Adjective	Verb	Adverb
deformation	Yes	No	No	No
impairment	Yes	No	No	No

As nouns, impairment is a hypernym of deformation; that is, impairment is a word with a broader meaning than deformation:

Other hypernyms of deformation include damage, harm.

deformation (noun)	impairment (noun)
the act of twisting or deforming the shape of something (e.g., yourself)	damage that results in a reduction of strength or quality
a change for the worse	the act of making something futile and useless (as by routine)
alteration in the shape or dimensions of an object as a result of the application of stress to it	the occurrence of a change for the worse
	the condition of being unable to perform as a consequence of physical or mental unfitness
	a symptom of reduced quality or strength