dobsonfly vs neuropteran

dobsonfly and neuropteran both are nouns.

Word	Noun	Adjective	Verb	Adverb
dobsonfly	Yes	No	No	No
neuropteran	Yes	No	No	No

As nouns, neuropteran is a hypernym of dobsonfly; that is, neuropteran is a word with a broader meaning than dobsonfly:

dobsonfly: large soft-bodied insect having long slender mandibles in the male; aquatic larvae often used as bait
neuropteran: insect having biting mouthparts and four large membranous wings with netlike veins

Other hypernyms of dobsonfly include neuropteron, neuropterous insect.

dobsonfly (noun)	neuropteran (noun)
large soft-bodied insect having long slender mandibles in the male; aquatic larvae often used as bait	insect having biting mouthparts and four large membranous wings with netlike veins