doctor vs medical man

doctor and medical man both are nouns.

Word	Noun	Adjective	Verb	Adverb
doctor	Yes	No	Yes	No
medical man	Yes	No	No	No

As nouns, medical man is a hypernym of doctor; that is, medical man is a word with a broader meaning than doctor:

Other hypernyms of doctor include medical practitioner.

doctor (noun)	medical man (noun)
children take the roles of physician or patient or nurse and pretend they are at the physician's office	someone who practices medicine
a licensed medical practitioner
a person who holds Ph.D. degree (or the equivalent) from an academic institution

doctor (verb)	medical man (verb)
give medical treatment to
alter and make impure, as with the intention to deceive
restore by replacing a part or putting together what is torn or broken