enlisted man vs adult male

enlisted man and adult male both are nouns.

Word	Noun	Adjective	Verb	Adverb
enlisted man	Yes	No	No	No
adult male	Yes	No	No	No

As nouns, adult male is a hypernym of enlisted man; that is, adult male is a word with a broader meaning than enlisted man:

Other hypernyms of enlisted man include enlisted person, man.

enlisted man (noun)	adult male (noun)
a male enlisted person in the armed forces	an adult person who is male (as opposed to a woman)