ersatz vs substitute

ersatz and substitute both are nouns.

Word	Noun	Adjective	Verb	Adverb
ersatz	Yes	Yes	No	No
substitute	Yes	Yes	Yes	No

As adjectives, ersatz and substitute are synonyms defined as:

As nouns, substitute is a hypernym of ersatz; that is, substitute is a word with a broader meaning than ersatz:

Other hypernyms of ersatz include replacement.

ersatz (noun)	substitute (noun)
an artificial or inferior substitute or imitation	a person or thing that takes or can take the place of another
	someone who takes the place of another (as when things get dangerous or difficult)
	an athlete who plays only when a starter on the team is replaced

ersatz (adjective)	substitute (adjective)
artificial and inferior	artificial and inferior
	serving or used in place of another
	capable of substituting in any of several positions on a team

ersatz (verb)	substitute (verb)
	put in the place of another; switch seemingly equivalent items
	be a substitute
	act as a substitute