evidence vs prove

evidence is a noun but prove is not a noun.

Word	Noun	Adjective	Verb	Adverb
evidence	Yes	No	Yes	No
prove	No	No	Yes	No

As verbs, prove is a hypernym of evidence; that is, prove is a word with a broader meaning than evidence:

evidence: provide evidence for; stand as proof of; show by one's behavior, attitude, or external attributes
prove: provide evidence for

Other hypernyms of evidence include bear witness, evidence, show, testify.

As verbs, evidence and prove are synonyms defined as:

Other synonyms of evidence include bear witness, show, testify.

evidence (noun)	prove (noun)
your basis for belief or disbelief; knowledge on which to base belief
(law) all the means by which any alleged matter of fact whose truth is investigated at judicial trial is established or disproved
an indication that makes something evident

evidence (verb)	prove (verb)
provide evidence for; stand as proof of; show by one's behavior, attitude, or external attributes	establish the validity of something, as by an example, explanation or experiment
provide evidence for	obtain probate of
give evidence	prove formally; demonstrate by a mathematical, formal proof
	provide evidence for
	take a trial impression of
	cause to puff up with a leaven
	increase in volume
	put to the test, as for its quality, or give experimental use to
	be shown or be found to be