examen vs self-examination

examen and self-examination both are nouns.

Word	Noun	Adjective	Verb	Adverb
examen	Yes	No	No	No
self-examination	Yes	No	No	No

As nouns, self-examination is a hypernym of examen; that is, self-examination is a word with a broader meaning than examen:

examen: a detailed inspection of your conscience (as done daily by Jesuits)
self-examination: the contemplation of your own thoughts and desires and conduct

Other hypernyms of examen include introspection, self-contemplation.

examen (noun)	self-examination (noun)
a detailed inspection of your conscience (as done daily by Jesuits)	the contemplation of your own thoughts and desires and conduct
a critical study (as of a writer's work)