excavation vs artefact

excavation and artefact both are nouns.

Word	Noun	Adjective	Verb	Adverb
excavation	Yes	No	No	No
artefact	Yes	No	No	No

As nouns, artefact is a hypernym of excavation; that is, artefact is a word with a broader meaning than excavation:

Other hypernyms of excavation include artifact.

excavation (noun)	artefact (noun)
the act of extracting ores or coal etc from the earth	a man-made object taken as a whole
the act of digging
a hole in the ground made by excavating
the site of an archeological exploration