fastening vs stopping

fastening and stopping both are nouns.

Word	Noun	Adjective	Verb	Adverb
fastening	Yes	No	No	No
stopping	Yes	No	No	No

As nouns, stopping is a hyponym of fastening; that is, stopping is a word with a more specific, narrower meaning than fastening:

fastening: restraint that attaches to something or holds something in place
stopping: fastener consisting of a narrow strip of welded metal used to join steel members

fastening (noun)	stopping (noun)
the act of fastening things together	the kind of playing that involves pressing the fingers on the strings of a stringed instrument to control the pitch
restraint that attaches to something or holds something in place	fastener consisting of a narrow strip of welded metal used to join steel members