father-figure vs adult male

father-figure and adult male both are nouns.

Word	Noun	Adjective	Verb	Adverb
father-figure	Yes	No	No	No
adult male	Yes	No	No	No

As nouns, adult male is a hypernym of father-figure; that is, adult male is a word with a broader meaning than father-figure:

father-figure: a man (often a powerful or influential man) who arouses emotions usually felt for your real father and with whom you identify psychologically
adult male: an adult person who is male (as opposed to a woman)

Other hypernyms of father-figure include man.

father-figure (noun)	adult male (noun)
a man (often a powerful or influential man) who arouses emotions usually felt for your real father and with whom you identify psychologically	an adult person who is male (as opposed to a woman)