formation vs turning

formation and turning both are nouns.

Word	Noun	Adjective	Verb	Adverb
formation	Yes	No	No	No
turning	Yes	No	No	No

As nouns, turning is a hyponym of formation; that is, turning is a word with a more specific, narrower meaning than formation:

Other hyponyms of formation include filing, forging, metalwork, metalworking, granulation, grooving, rifling.

formation (noun)	turning (noun)
the act of fabricating something in a particular shape	the act of changing or reversing the direction of the course
the act of forming or establishing something	act of changing in practice or custom
creation by mental activity	the activity of shaping something on a lathe
a particular spatial arrangement	the end-product created by shaping something on a lathe
an arrangement of people or things acting as a unit	a movement in a new direction
(geology) the geological features of the earth	a shaving created when something is produced by turning it on a lathe
natural process that causes something to form