frijol vs Phaseolus vulgaris

frijol and Phaseolus vulgaris both are nouns.

Word	Noun	Adjective	Verb	Adverb
frijol	Yes	No	No	No
Phaseolus vulgaris	Yes	No	No	No

As nouns, Phaseolus vulgaris is a hypernym of frijol; that is, Phaseolus vulgaris is a word with a broader meaning than frijol:

frijol: the common bean plant grown for the beans rather than the pods (especially a variety with large red kidney-shaped beans)
Phaseolus vulgaris: the common annual twining or bushy bean plant grown for its edible seeds or pods

Other hypernyms of frijol include common bean, common bean plant.

frijol (noun)	Phaseolus vulgaris (noun)
the common bean plant grown for the beans rather than the pods (especially a variety with large red kidney-shaped beans)	the common annual twining or bushy bean plant grown for its edible seeds or pods