genealogy vs descent

genealogy and descent both are nouns.

Word	Noun	Adjective	Verb	Adverb
genealogy	Yes	No	No	No
descent	Yes	No	No	No

As nouns, descent is a hyponym of genealogy; that is, descent is a word with a more specific, narrower meaning than genealogy:

genealogy (noun)	descent (noun)
the study or investigation of ancestry and family history	the act of changing your location in a downward direction
successive generations of kin	properties attributable to your ancestry
	a movement downward
	the hereditary derivation of an individual
	a downward slope or bend
	the kinship relation between an individual and the individual's progenitors