goodness vs better

goodness and better both are nouns.

Word	Noun	Adjective	Verb	Adverb
goodness	Yes	No	No	No
better	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes

As nouns, better is a hyponym of goodness; that is, better is a word with a more specific, narrower meaning than goodness:

Other hyponyms of goodness include worthiness, desirability, desirableness, benefit, welfare, optimum, soundness, wisdom, wiseness.

goodness (noun)	better (noun)
moral excellence or admirableness	something superior in quality or condition or effect
that which is pleasing or valuable or useful	the superior one of two alternatives
	someone who bets
	a superior person having claim to precedence

goodness (adjective)	better (adjective)
	(comparative of `good') superior to another (of the same class or set or kind) in excellence or quality or desirability or suitability; more highly skilled than another
	(comparative of `good') changed for the better in health or fitness
	(comparative and superlative of `well') wiser or more advantageous and hence advisable
	more than half

goodness (adverb)	better (adverb)
	comparative of `well'; in a better or more excellent manner or more advantageously or attractively or to a greater degree etc.
	from a position of superiority or authority