gumming vs mastication

gumming and mastication both are nouns.

Word	Noun	Adjective	Verb	Adverb
gumming	Yes	No	No	No
mastication	Yes	No	No	No

As nouns, mastication is a hypernym of gumming; that is, mastication is a word with a broader meaning than gumming:

gumming: ineffectual chewing (as if without teeth)
mastication: biting and grinding food in your mouth so it becomes soft enough to swallow

Other hypernyms of gumming include chew, chewing, manduction.

gumming (noun)	mastication (noun)
ineffectual chewing (as if without teeth)	biting and grinding food in your mouth so it becomes soft enough to swallow