hate vs loathe

hate is a noun but loathe is not a noun.

Word	Noun	Adjective	Verb	Adverb
hate	Yes	No	Yes	No
loathe	No	No	Yes	No

As verbs, loathe is a hyponym of hate; that is, loathe is a word with a more specific, narrower meaning than hate:

Other hyponyms of hate include abhor, abominate, execrate, contemn, despise, disdain, scorn.

hate (noun)	loathe (noun)
the emotion of intense dislike; a feeling of dislike so strong that it demands action

hate (verb)	loathe (verb)
to have and express negative sentiments about a person	find repugnant
dislike intensely; feel antipathy or aversion towards