information processing system vs computing device

information processing system and computing device both are nouns.

Word	Noun	Adjective	Verb	Adverb
information processing system	Yes	No	No	No
computing device	Yes	No	No	No

As nouns, information processing system and computing device are synonyms defined as:

information processing system and computing device: a machine for performing calculations automatically

Other synonyms of information processing system include computer, computing machine, data processor, electronic computer.

information processing system (noun)	computing device (noun)
a machine for performing calculations automatically	a machine for performing calculations automatically