insane asylum vs hospital

insane asylum and hospital both are nouns.

Word	Noun	Adjective	Verb	Adverb
insane asylum	Yes	No	No	No
hospital	Yes	No	No	No

As nouns, hospital is a hypernym of insane asylum; that is, hospital is a word with a broader meaning than insane asylum:

Other hypernyms of insane asylum include infirmary.

insane asylum (noun)	hospital (noun)
a hospital for mentally incompetent or unbalanced person	a health facility where patients receive treatment
	a medical institution where sick or injured people are given medical or surgical care