jalapeno pepper vs chile

jalapeno pepper and chile both are nouns.

Word	Noun	Adjective	Verb	Adverb
jalapeno pepper	Yes	No	No	No
chile	Yes	No	No	No

As nouns, chile is a hypernym of jalapeno pepper; that is, chile is a word with a broader meaning than jalapeno pepper:

jalapeno pepper: hot green or red pepper of southwestern United States and Mexico
chile: very hot and finely tapering pepper of special pungency

Other hypernyms of jalapeno pepper include chili, chili pepper, chilli, chilly.

jalapeno pepper (noun)	chile (noun)
hot green or red pepper of southwestern United States and Mexico	very hot and finely tapering pepper of special pungency