large integer vs whole number

large integer and whole number both are nouns.

Word	Noun	Adjective	Verb	Adverb
large integer	Yes	No	No	No
whole number	Yes	No	No	No

As nouns, whole number is a hypernym of large integer; that is, whole number is a word with a broader meaning than large integer:

Other hypernyms of large integer include integer.

large integer (noun)	whole number (noun)
an integer equal to or greater than ten	any of the natural numbers (positive or negative) or zero