lathe vs bench lathe

lathe and bench lathe both are nouns.

Word	Noun	Adjective	Verb	Adverb
lathe	Yes	No	No	No
bench lathe	Yes	No	No	No

As nouns, bench lathe is a hyponym of lathe; that is, bench lathe is a word with a more specific, narrower meaning than lathe:

lathe: machine tool for shaping metal or wood; the workpiece turns about a horizontal axis against a fixed tool
bench lathe: lathe mounted on a workbench

Other hyponyms of lathe include turning and boring mill, wheel lathe, metal spinning lathe.

lathe (noun)	bench lathe (noun)
machine tool for shaping metal or wood; the workpiece turns about a horizontal axis against a fixed tool	lathe mounted on a workbench