loan vs debt

loan and debt both are nouns.

Word	Noun	Adjective	Verb	Adverb
loan	Yes	No	Yes	No
debt	Yes	No	No	No

As nouns, debt is a hypernym of loan; that is, debt is a word with a broader meaning than loan:

loan (noun)	debt (noun)
a word borrowed from another language; e.g. `blitz' is a German word borrowed into modern English	an obligation to pay or do something
the temporary provision of money (usually at interest)	money or goods or services owed by one person to another
	the state of owing something (especially money)

loan (verb)	debt (verb)
give temporarily; let have for a limited time